As global temperatures rise and extreme heat events become more common, summer safety for older adults is more important than ever. According to the World Meteorological Organization, heatwaves are increasing in frequency, intensity, and duration around the world. In 2023, the hottest global temperatures were recorded in over 100,000 years. Hot temperatures can be worse in cities; an “urban heat island” can occur, keeping heat higher than rural areas.
Whether downtown or out in the country, heat can pose serious health risks particularly to older individuals whose bodies may be less able to regulate temperature. For seniors and their caregivers, heat awareness isn’t just helpful—it can be lifesaving.
Heat and older adults
Older adults are more vulnerable to heat-related illnesses for several reasons. With age, the body cannot adjust as easily to sudden changes in temperature. The glands can’t sweat as much to cool the body, and the blood doesn’t circulate as well so heat can’t be released through the skin as easily. In addition, chronic health conditions can change how the body responds to temperature. Medications may also reduce the ability to control body temperature and sweat.
With all these variables, dehydration can set in faster while symptoms of heat stress may be mistaken for other health issues. Since the 1990s, heat-related deaths of adults over 65 have increased by 85%; by the middle of the century, the increase is projected to grow by 370%.
That’s why staying informed—and prepared—during hot weather is key to supporting health and well-being throughout the summer.
5 signs of heat exhaustion
Recognizing heat exhaustion early can help prevent life-threatening heatstroke. It’s important to remember that temperatures don’t have to be over 100 degrees Fahrenheit (37.78 degrees Celsius) to be dangerous; they only have to be above the historically normal range. Here are the top five signs to watch for:
⦁ Heavy sweating is one of the earliest signs that the body is struggling to cool itself.
⦁ Feeling unusually tired or faint may signal dehydration and overheating.
⦁ Lightheadedness, queasiness, or vomiting can indicate rising body temperature.
⦁ Muscle cramping in the legs, arms, or abdomen may result from electrolyte imbalances due to sweating.
⦁ Cool, pale, or clammy skin can occur even as internal temperature rises dangerously.
If any of these signs appear, move to a cool place, hydrate, and seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
How to prevent heat exhaustion
Of course, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. So, here are several specific steps for older adults to stay safe:
⦁ Stay hydrated with regular water intake, even before feeling thirsty. Avoid caffeine and alcohol.
⦁ Dress for the weather in light-colored, breathable fabrics to help keep the body cool. Hats and sunglasses also provide sun protection.
⦁ Avoid midday heat by planning activities for early morning or late evening when temperatures are lower.
⦁ Use cooling devices like personal fans, damp cloths, and cooling towels to reduce body temperature.
⦁ Eat light, smaller, more frequent meals which are easier on the body and generate less internal heat.
Home environments play an important role in summer safety too. To create a cooler indoor space:
⦁ Close blinds and curtains during the day to block direct sunlight.
⦁ Use fans strategically to circulate air and support ventilation.
⦁ Limit oven use; opt for no-cook or microwave meals during peak heat hours.
⦁ Open windows at night when it’s cooler, then close them in the morning to trap cooler air inside.
⦁ Install weather-stripping around doors and windows to keep hot air out and cool air in.
What caregivers can do
Caregivers can be great partners in protecting older adults’ health during hot weather. They are often the first to notice early signs of heat-related illness. They can help structure daily activities to avoid peak heat times and encourage hydration. And they can help with air circulation, meal prep, and cooling strategies.
When families are away on vacation or managing busy schedules, asking professional caregivers to help can ensure summer safety for older loved ones at home. Home Care Assistance offers trusted, professional support so loved ones can enjoy peace of mind knowing their older family members are safe, comfortable, and cared for in all types of weather.
Heat is more than just uncomfortable—it can be dangerous for older adults. But with protection and awareness, our older loved ones can stay safe regardless of what swelter the summer brings.
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Sources: WMO; NASA; CDC; Harvard; ABC News; WHO; NIH; CDPH