As we age, managing chronic conditions becomes increasingly important, especially for those with diabetes. Diabetes is a global health issue, affecting over 540 million people worldwide; it’s estimated that nearly one in five seniors has the chronic disease. This World Diabetes Day (November 14), we turn our attention to how diabetes can impact our health – and how to manage it in the golden years.
The impact of diabetes on seniors
Diabetes doesn’t just affect blood sugar levels; it can have far-reaching impacts on physical, emotional, and cognitive well-being. For older adults, having diabetes means a higher risk of having more than one medical condition. Dementia is twice as likely in those with diabetes and peripheral nerve damage occurs in 50–70% of older patients with diabetes. Additionally, older adults with diabetes are more prone to falling, the most common cause of traumatic brain injury. Over time, high blood sugar can lead to serious health complications such as heart disease, kidney damage, vision loss, and nerve damage. The aging body becomes less resilient to the ups and downs of blood sugar levels, which is why effective strategies for managing diabetes are so critical for older adults.
Practical tips for managing diabetes in seniors
Managing diabetes in the senior years is best done by using many different approaches together. Here are four key tips to help manage diabetes effectively:
1. Focus on a balanced diet
A well-balanced diet that includes all major food groups is important to help keep blood glucose levels within the target range. Nutrient-dense “whole foods” can provide needed vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. The International Diabetes Foundation recommends a Mediterranean-style diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, to help regulate blood sugar levels and improve heart health.
Why it matters: A balanced diet helps keep blood sugar levels stable, reducing the risk of spikes and crashes. Proper nutrition also helps prevent other complications of diabetes, like heart disease, by supporting overall health.
2. Stay active with exercise
Regular physical activity plays a significant role in managing diabetes because it helps the body use insulin more effectively. For seniors, activities like walking, swimming, or even chair exercises can be excellent low-impact options. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week for older adults.
Why it matters: Regular exercise not only helps control blood sugar but also strengthens muscles, improves balance, and reduces the risk of falls, which is crucial for older adults living with diabetes.
3. Stick to your medicine routine
Taking medications as prescribed is vital for keeping blood sugar levels in check. However, seniors sometimes struggle with remembering to take their medication, or they may adjust doses without consulting their healthcare provider. Working with a pharmacist or caregiver to develop a medication schedule can help ensure consistency.
Why it matters: A proper medication routine reduces the risk of complications from poorly controlled diabetes. Missing doses or taking incorrect amounts can lead to dangerous blood sugar fluctuations, increasing the risk of hospitalization.
4. Keep an eye on blood sugar levels
Seniors managing diabetes need to check their blood sugar levels regularly. This not only helps them stay informed about their health but also allows for early detection of issues before they become serious. Many seniors use at-home glucose meters or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices to stay on top of their numbers.
Why it matters: Regular monitoring can help prevent dangerous spikes or drops in blood sugar, and it provides valuable data that can inform treatment adjustments, ensuring that diabetes is well-managed on a day-to-day basis.
Managing diabetes can seem overwhelming, but you don’t have to do it alone. In addition to your health providers, home care services can be a game-changer for older adults with diabetes. Professional caregivers can help with daily tasks such as preparing healthy meals, helping with exercise routines, and ensuring medication is taken correctly and on time. They can also aid with blood sugar monitoring, offering peace of mind for both seniors and their families. Home Care Assistance offers personalized support for seniors, helping them follow their care plans and live healthier, more fulfilling lives.
Diabetes may not be curable, but it is sustainable. And it’s possible to live a full, healthy, and fun life with planning and care.
Sources: IDF; Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice; Diabetes Care (journal); NIA;